bash编程的循环:while和until

while 测试条件; do

语句1

语句2

...

done


Count=2


if [ $Count -le 5 ]; then


fi


while [ $Count -le 5 ]; do


let Count++

done


条件满足时就循环,直到条件不再满足,则退出循环;


for如何退出循环?遍历列表中的元素完成;

while循环呢?在循环体改变测试条件相应变量等的值。

补充:算术运算符

Sum=$[$Sum+$I]

Sum+=$I

+=

-=

*=

/=

%=


Sum=$[$Sum+1]

Sum+=1

let Sum++

let Count--




and --> AND

exit --> EXIT

quit

计算100以内所有正整数的和;

Sum=0

for I in {1..100}; do

Sum+=$I

done

echo $Sum


#!/bin/bash

Sum=0

Count=1


while [ $Count -le 100 ]; do

let Sum+=$Count

let Count++

done


echo $Sum

计算100以内所有偶数的和;

#!/bin/bash

#

EvenSum=0

Count=0


while [ $Count -le 100 ]; do

let Sum+=$Count

let Count+=2

done


while [ $Count -le 100 ]; do

if [ $[$Count%2] -eq 0 ]; then

Sum+=$Count

fi

let Count++

done


while循环遍历文件的每一行:

while read LINE; do

statement1

statement2

...

done < /path/to/somefile

练习:如果用户的ID号为偶数,则显示其名称和shell;对所有用户执行此操作;

while read LINE; do

Uid=`echo $LINE | cut -d: -f3`

if [ $[$Uid%2] -eq 0 ]; then

echo $LINE | cut -d: -f1,7

fi

done < /etc/passwd

练习:转换用户输入的字符为大写,除了quit(遇见quit退出);

read -p "A string: " String


while [ "$String" != 'quit' ]; do

echo $String | tr 'a-z' 'A-Z'

read -p "Next [quit for quiting]: " String

done


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Published

31 October 2013

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